The rapid growth of digital transactions, online banking, and social media has transformed how individuals and businesses operate. Alongside these benefits, however, cybercrime and online fraud have emerged as serious legal challenges. From unauthorized banking transactions and identity theft to online cheating and data misuse, digital offenses can… Read More


The rapid expansion of digital media has significantly altered how people discover, evaluate, and engage with information. News consumption is no longer limited to scheduled broadcasts or printed editions. Instead, readers expect immediate access to updates, the ability to explore multiple topics in one place, and content that is presented in a cle… Read More


As semiconductor technology continues to evolve, the journey from a high-level design concept to a manufacturable chip has become increasingly complex. While RTL design and functional verification often receive significant attention, physical design plays an equally critical role in determining whether a chip meets its power, performance, and area … Read More